D.7. editcap: Edit capture files
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## D.7. editcap: Edit capture files

`editcap` is a general-purpose utility for modifying capture files. Its main function is to remove packets from capture files, but it can also be used to convert capture files from one format to another, as well as to print information about capture files. For more information on `editcap` consult your local manual page (`man editcap`) or the online version.

Help information available from editcap.

    Editcap (Wireshark) 4.4.5 (v4.4.5rc0-6-gd1c9cfeb2935)
    Edit and/or translate the format of capture files.
    See https://www.wireshark.org for more information.

    Usage: editcap [options] ... <infile> <outfile> [ <packet#>[-<packet#>] ... ]

    <infile> and <outfile> must both be present; use '-' for stdin or stdout.
    A single packet or a range of packets can be selected.

    Packet selection:
      -r                     keep the selected packets; default is to delete them.
      -A <start time>        only read packets whose timestamp is after (or equal
                             to) the given time.
      -B <stop time>         only read packets whose timestamp is before the
                             given time.
                             Time format for -A/-B options is
                             YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss[.nnnnnnnnn][Z|+-hh:mm]
                             Unix epoch timestamps are also supported.

    Duplicate packet removal:
      --novlan               remove vlan info from packets before checking for duplicates.
      -d                     remove packet if duplicate (window == 5).
      -D <dup window>        remove packet if duplicate; configurable <dup window>.
                             Valid <dup window> values are 0 to 1000000.
                             NOTE: A <dup window> of 0 with -V (verbose option) is
                             useful to print MD5 hashes.
      -w <dup time window>   remove packet if duplicate packet is found EQUAL TO OR
                             LESS THAN <dup time window> prior to current packet.
                             A <dup time window> is specified in relative seconds
                             (e.g. 0.000001).
               NOTE: The use of the 'Duplicate packet removal' options with
               other editcap options except -V may not always work as expected.
               Specifically the -r, -t or -S options will very likely NOT have the
               desired effect if combined with the -d, -D or -w.
      --skip-radiotap-header skip radiotap header when checking for packet duplicates.
                             Useful when processing packets captured by multiple radios
                             on the same channel in the vicinity of each other.
      --set-unused           set unused byts to zero in sll link addr.

    Packet manipulation:
      -s <snaplen>           truncate each packet to max. <snaplen> bytes of data.
      -C [offset:]<choplen>  chop each packet by <choplen> bytes. Positive values
                             chop at the packet beginning, negative values at the
                             packet end. If an optional offset precedes the length,
                             then the bytes chopped will be offset from that value.
                             Positive offsets are from the packet beginning,
                             negative offsets are from the packet end. You can use
                             this option more than once, allowing up to 2 chopping
                             regions within a packet provided that at least 1
                             choplen is positive and at least 1 is negative.
      -L                     adjust the frame (i.e. reported) length when chopping
                             and/or snapping.
      -t <time adjustment>   adjust the timestamp of each packet.
                             <time adjustment> is in relative seconds (e.g. -0.5).
      -S <strict adjustment> adjust timestamp of packets if necessary to ensure
                             strict chronological increasing order. The <strict
                             adjustment> is specified in relative seconds with
                             values of 0 or 0.000001 being the most reasonable.
                             A negative adjustment value will modify timestamps so
                             that each packet's delta time is the absolute value
                             of the adjustment specified. A value of -0 will set
                             all packets to the timestamp of the first packet.
      -E <error probability> set the probability (between 0.0 and 1.0 incl.) that
                             a particular packet byte will be randomly changed.
      -o <change offset>     When used in conjunction with -E, skip some bytes from the
                             beginning of the packet. This allows one to preserve some
                             bytes, in order to have some headers untouched.
      --seed <seed>          When used in conjunction with -E, set the seed to use for
                             the pseudo-random number generator. This allows one to
                             repeat a particular sequence of errors.
      -I <bytes to ignore>   ignore the specified number of bytes at the beginning
                             of the frame during MD5 hash calculation, unless the
                             frame is too short, then the full frame is used.
                             Useful to remove duplicated packets taken on
                             several routers (different mac addresses for
                             example).
                             e.g. -I 26 in case of Ether/IP will ignore
                             ether(14) and IP header(20 - 4(src ip) - 4(dst ip)).
      -a <framenum>:<comment> Add or replace comment for given frame number

    Output File(s):
                             if the output file(s) have the .gz extension, then
                             gzip compression will be used
      -c <packets per file>  split the packet output to different files based on
                             uniform packet counts with a maximum of
                             <packets per file> each.
      -i <seconds per file>  split the packet output to different files based on
                             uniform time intervals with a maximum of
                             <seconds per file> each.
      -F <capture type>      set the output file type; default is pcapng.
                             An empty "-F" option will list the file types.
      -T <encap type>        set the output file encapsulation type; default is the
                             same as the input file. An empty "-T" option will
                             list the encapsulation types.
      --inject-secrets <type>,<file>  Insert decryption secrets from <file>. List
                             supported secret types with "--inject-secrets help".
      --extract-secrets      Extract decryption secrets into the output file instead.
                             Incompatible with other options besides -V.
      --discard-all-secrets  Discard all decryption secrets from the input file
                             when writing the output file.  Does not discard
                             secrets added by "--inject-secrets" in the same
                             command line.
      --capture-comment <comment>
                             Add a capture file comment, if supported.
      --discard-capture-comment
                             Discard capture file comments from the input file
                             when writing the output file.  Does not discard
                             comments added by "--capture-comment" in the same
                             command line.
      --discard-packet-comments
                             Discard all packet comments from the input file
                             when writing the output file.  Does not discard
                             comments added by "-a" in the same command line.
      --compress <type>      Compress the output file using the type compression format.

    Miscellaneous:
      -h, --help             display this help and exit.
      -V                     verbose output.
                             If -V is used with any of the 'Duplicate Packet
                             Removal' options (-d, -D or -w) then Packet lengths
                             and MD5 hashes are printed to standard-error.
      -v, --version          print version information and exit.

Capture file types available from `editcap -F`.

    editcap: The available capture file types for the "-F" flag are:
        pcap - Wireshark/tcpdump/... - pcap
        pcapng - Wireshark/... - pcapng
        5views - InfoVista 5View capture
        btsnoop - Symbian OS btsnoop
        commview-ncf - TamoSoft CommView NCF
        commview-ncfx - TamoSoft CommView NCFX
        dct2000 - Catapult DCT2000 trace (.out format)
        erf - Endace ERF capture
        eyesdn - EyeSDN USB S0/E1 ISDN trace format
        k12text - K12 text file
        lanalyzer - Novell LANalyzer
        logcat - Android Logcat Binary format
        logcat-brief - Android Logcat Brief text format
        logcat-long - Android Logcat Long text format
        logcat-process - Android Logcat Process text format
        logcat-tag - Android Logcat Tag text format
        logcat-thread - Android Logcat Thread text format
        logcat-threadtime - Android Logcat Threadtime text format
        logcat-time - Android Logcat Time text format
        modpcap - Modified tcpdump - pcap
        mp2t - MPEG2 transport stream
        netmon1 - Microsoft NetMon 1.x
        netmon2 - Microsoft NetMon 2.x
        nettl - HP-UX nettl trace
        ngsniffer - Sniffer (DOS)
        ngwsniffer_1_1 - NetXray, Sniffer (Windows) 1.1
        ngwsniffer_2_0 - Sniffer (Windows) 2.00x
        nokiapcap - Nokia tcpdump - pcap
        nsecpcap - Wireshark/tcpdump/... - nanosecond pcap
        nstrace10 - NetScaler Trace (Version 1.0)
        nstrace20 - NetScaler Trace (Version 2.0)
        nstrace30 - NetScaler Trace (Version 3.0)
        nstrace35 - NetScaler Trace (Version 3.5)
        observer - Viavi Observer
        rf5 - Tektronix K12xx 32-bit .rf5 format
        rh6_1pcap - RedHat 6.1 tcpdump - pcap
        snoop - Sun snoop
        suse6_3pcap - SuSE 6.3 tcpdump - pcap
        visual - Visual Networks traffic capture

Encapsulation types available from `editcap -T`.

    editcap: The available encapsulation types for the "-T" flag are:
        alp - ATSC Link-Layer Protocol (A/330) packets
        ap1394 - Apple IP-over-IEEE 1394
        arcnet - ARCNET
        arcnet_linux - Linux ARCNET
        ascend - Lucent/Ascend access equipment
        atm-pdus - ATM PDUs
        atm-pdus-untruncated - ATM PDUs - untruncated
        atm-rfc1483 - RFC 1483 ATM
        auerlog - Auerswald Log
        autosardlt - AUTOSAR DLT
        ax25 - Amateur Radio AX.25
        ax25-kiss - AX.25 with KISS header
        bacnet-ms-tp - BACnet MS/TP
        bacnet-ms-tp-with-direction - BACnet MS/TP with Directional Info
        ber - ASN.1 Basic Encoding Rules
        bluetooth-bredr-bb-rf - Bluetooth BR/EDR Baseband RF
        bluetooth-h4 - Bluetooth H4
        bluetooth-h4-linux - Bluetooth H4 with linux header
        bluetooth-hci - Bluetooth without transport layer
        bluetooth-le-ll - Bluetooth Low Energy Link Layer
        bluetooth-le-ll-rf - Bluetooth Low Energy Link Layer RF
        bluetooth-linux-monitor - Bluetooth Linux Monitor
        can20b - Controller Area Network 2.0B
        chdlc - Cisco HDLC
        chdlc-with-direction - Cisco HDLC with Directional Info
        cosine - CoSine L2 debug log
        dbus - D-Bus
        dct2000 - Catapult DCT2000
        dect_nr - DECT-2020 New Radio (NR) MAC layer
        docsis - Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification
        docsis31_xra31 - DOCSIS with Excentis XRA pseudo-header
        dpauxmon - DisplayPort AUX channel with Unigraf pseudo-header
        dpnss_link - Digital Private Signalling System No 1 Link Layer
        dvbci - DVB-CI (Common Interface)
        ebhscr - Elektrobit High Speed Capture and Replay
        ems - EMS (EGNOS Message Server) file
        enc - OpenBSD enc(4) encapsulating interface
        epon - Ethernet Passive Optical Network
        erf - Extensible Record Format
        eri_enb_log - Ericsson eNode-B raw log
        ether - Ethernet
        ether-mpacket - IEEE 802.3br mPackets
        ether-nettl - Ethernet with nettl headers
        etw - Event Tracing for Windows messages
        fc2 - Fibre Channel FC-2
        fc2sof - Fibre Channel FC-2 With Frame Delimiter
        fddi - FDDI
        fddi-nettl - FDDI with nettl headers
        fddi-swapped - FDDI with bit-swapped MAC addresses
        fira-uci - FiRa UWB Controller Interface (UCI) protocol.
        flexray - FlexRay
        frelay - Frame Relay
        frelay-with-direction - Frame Relay with Directional Info
        gcom-serial - GCOM Serial
        gcom-tie1 - GCOM TIE1
        gfp-f - ITU-T G.7041/Y.1303 Generic Framing Procedure Frame-mapped mode
        gfp-t - ITU-T G.7041/Y.1303 Generic Framing Procedure Transparent mode
        gprs-llc - GPRS LLC
        gsm_um - GSM Um Interface
        hhdlc - HiPath HDLC
        i2c-linux - I2C with Linux-specific pseudo-header
        ieee-802-11 - IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN
        ieee-802-11-avs - IEEE 802.11 plus AVS radio header
        ieee-802-11-netmon - IEEE 802.11 plus Network Monitor radio header
        ieee-802-11-prism - IEEE 802.11 plus Prism II monitor mode radio header
        ieee-802-11-radio - IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN with radio information
        ieee-802-11-radiotap - IEEE 802.11 plus radiotap radio header
        ieee-802-16-mac-cps - IEEE 802.16 MAC Common Part Sublayer
        infiniband - InfiniBand
        ios - Cisco IOS internal
        ip-ib - IP over IB
        ip-over-fc - RFC 2625 IP-over-Fibre Channel
        ip-over-ib - IP over InfiniBand
        ipfix - RFC 5655/RFC 5101 IPFIX
        ipmb-kontron - Intelligent Platform Management Bus with Kontron pseudo-header
        ipmi-trace - IPMI Trace Data Collection
        ipnet - Solaris IPNET
        irda - IrDA
        isdn - ISDN
        iso14443 - ISO 14443 contactless smartcard standards
        ixveriwave - IxVeriWave header and stats block
        jfif - JPEG/JFIF
        json - JavaScript Object Notation
        juniper-atm1 - Juniper ATM1
        juniper-atm2 - Juniper ATM2
        juniper-chdlc - Juniper C-HDLC
        juniper-ether - Juniper Ethernet
        juniper-frelay - Juniper Frame-Relay
        juniper-ggsn - Juniper GGSN
        juniper-mlfr - Juniper MLFR
        juniper-mlppp - Juniper MLPPP
        juniper-ppp - Juniper PPP
        juniper-pppoe - Juniper PPPoE
        juniper-st - Juniper Secure Tunnel Information
        juniper-svcs - Juniper Services
        juniper-vn - Juniper VN
        juniper-vp - Juniper Voice PIC
        k12 - K12 protocol analyzer
        lapb - LAPB
        lapd - LAPD
        layer1-event - EyeSDN Layer 1 event
        lin - Local Interconnect Network
        linux-atm-clip - Linux ATM CLIP
        linux-lapd - LAPD with Linux pseudo-header
        linux-sll - Linux cooked-mode capture v1
        linux-sll2 - Linux cooked-mode capture v2
        log_3GPP - 3GPP Phone Log
        logcat - Android Logcat Binary format
        logcat_brief - Android Logcat Brief text format
        logcat_long - Android Logcat Long text format
        logcat_process - Android Logcat Process text format
        logcat_tag - Android Logcat Tag text format
        logcat_thread - Android Logcat Thread text format
        logcat_threadtime - Android Logcat Threadtime text format
        logcat_time - Android Logcat Time text format
        loop - OpenBSD loopback
        loratap - LoRaTap
        ltalk - Localtalk
        mdb - MDB (Multi-Drop Bus)
        message_analyzer_wfp_capture2_v4 - Message Analyzer WFP Capture2 v4
        message_analyzer_wfp_capture2_v6 - Message Analyzer WFP Capture2 v6
        message_analyzer_wfp_capture_auth_v4 - Message Analyzer WFP Capture Auth v4
        message_analyzer_wfp_capture_auth_v6 - Message Analyzer WFP Capture Auth v6
        message_analyzer_wfp_capture_v4 - Message Analyzer WFP Capture v4
        message_analyzer_wfp_capture_v6 - Message Analyzer WFP Capture v6
        mime - MIME
        most - Media Oriented Systems Transport
        mp2ts - ISO/IEC 13818-1 MPEG2-TS
        mp4 - MP4 files
        mpeg - MPEG
        mtp2 - SS7 MTP2
        mtp2-with-phdr - MTP2 with pseudoheader
        mtp3 - SS7 MTP3
        mux27010 - MUX27010
        netanalyzer - Hilscher netANALYZER
        netanalyzer-transparent - Hilscher netANALYZER-Transparent
        netlink - Linux Netlink
        netmon_event - Network Monitor Network Event
        netmon_filter - Network Monitor Filter
        netmon_header - Network Monitor Header
        netmon_network_info - Network Monitor Network Info
        nfc-llcp - NFC LLCP
        nflog - NFLOG
        nordic_ble - nRF Sniffer for Bluetooth LE
        nstrace10 - NetScaler Encapsulation 1.0 of Ethernet
        nstrace20 - NetScaler Encapsulation 2.0 of Ethernet
        nstrace30 - NetScaler Encapsulation 3.0 of Ethernet
        nstrace35 - NetScaler Encapsulation 3.5 of Ethernet
        null - NULL/Loopback
        packetlogger - Apple Bluetooth PacketLogger
        pflog - OpenBSD PF Firewall logs
        pflog-old - OpenBSD PF Firewall logs, pre-3.4
        pktap - Apple PKTAP
        ppi - Per-Packet Information header
        ppp - PPP
        ppp-with-direction - PPP with Directional Info
        pppoes - PPP-over-Ethernet session
        raw-icmp-nettl - Raw ICMP with nettl headers
        raw-icmpv6-nettl - Raw ICMPv6 with nettl headers
        raw-telnet-nettl - Raw telnet with nettl headers
        rawip - Raw IP
        rawip-nettl - Raw IP with nettl headers
        rawip4 - Raw IPv4
        rawip6 - Raw IPv6
        redback - Redback SmartEdge
        rfc7468 - RFC 7468 file
        rtac-serial - RTAC serial-line
        ruby_marshal - Ruby marshal object
        s4607 - STANAG 4607
        s5066-dpdu - STANAG 5066 Data Transfer Sublayer PDUs(D_PDU)
        sccp - SS7 SCCP
        sctp - SCTP
        sdh - SDH
        sdjournal - systemd journal
        sdlc - SDLC
        silabs-dch - Silabs Debug Channel
        sita-wan - SITA WAN packets
        slip - SLIP
        socketcan - SocketCAN
        symantec - Symantec Enterprise Firewall
        tnef - Transport-Neutral Encapsulation Format
        tr - Token Ring
        tr-nettl - Token Ring with nettl headers
        tzsp - Tazmen sniffer protocol
        unknown - Unknown
        unknown-nettl - Unknown link-layer type with nettl headers
        usb-20 - USB 2.0/1.1/1.0 packets
        usb-20-full - Full-Speed USB 2.0/1.1/1.0 packets
        usb-20-high - High-Speed USB 2.0 packets
        usb-20-low - Low-Speed USB 2.0/1.1/1.0 packets
        usb-darwin - USB packets with Darwin (macOS, etc.) headers
        usb-freebsd - USB packets with FreeBSD header
        usb-linux - USB packets with Linux header
        usb-linux-mmap - USB packets with Linux header and padding
        usb-usbpcap - USB packets with USBPcap header
        user0 - USER 0
        user1 - USER 1
        user2 - USER 2
        user3 - USER 3
        user4 - USER 4
        user5 - USER 5
        user6 - USER 6
        user7 - USER 7
        user8 - USER 8
        user9 - USER 9
        user10 - USER 10
        user11 - USER 11
        user12 - USER 12
        user13 - USER 13
        user14 - USER 14
        user15 - USER 15
        v5-ef - V5 Envelope Function
        vpp - Vector Packet Processing graph dispatch trace
        vsock - Linux vsock
        whdlc - Wellfleet HDLC
        wireshark-upper-pdu - Wireshark Upper PDU export
        wpan - IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless PAN
        wpan-nofcs - IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless PAN with FCS not present
        wpan-nonask-phy - IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless PAN non-ASK PHY
        wpan-tap - IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless with TAP pseudo-header
        x2e-serial - X2E serial line capture
        x2e-xoraya - X2E Xoraya
        x25-nettl - X.25 with nettl headers
        xeth - Xerox 3MB Ethernet
        zbncp - ZBOSS NCP
        zwave-serial - Z-Wave Serial API packets

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